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Margaret Thatcher | Biography & Facts | Britannica Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO). A young Margaret Thatcher, in the lab. But Thatcher's chancellors not only cut income tax, but also changed the way we pay tax. This had fallen to 20% by the end of the Thatcher term in 1990. Long before she became prime minister of the United Kingdom, a young Margaret Thatcher was a chemist for . The old rule of thumb that you only borrow two-and-a-half times salary was thrown out of the window. Margaret Thatcher, then known as chemist Margaret Roberts helped turn ice cream into a cheaper dessert by adding air. When soft-serve arrived in the UK, J Lyons was indeed at the forefront but it had teamed up with the US ice-cream behemoth Mister Softee and operated franchises under that name. What was the poll tax and why did Margaret Thatchers policy start riots in Scotland? Why did Margaret Thatcher close the mines? By signing up, you agree to our User Agreement and Privacy Policy & Cookie Statement. REPUBLIC. Giving people the right to buy their council houses and shares in previously. To revisit this article, select My Account, thenView saved stories, To revisit this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories. And sheput it to use first in work at a glue factory, and then with a research job at food manufacturer J. Lyons and Company, a "foodstuff conglomerate" in Hammersmith. The real aeration breakthroughs, he says, occurred when ice-cream-machine manufacturers themselvesoften American or Italianintroduced equipment, during the sixties, that included mechanized air pumps. Margaret Thatcher Helped Invent Soft-Serve Ice Cream. I doubt very much the president of the Board of Trade would even notice the difference. It was a jab at the apparent cluelessness of trade president Douglas Jayand a pretty edgy insult for that eras British politics. America's Flavorites. Photograph, of Margaret Thatcher, by Andrew Kiggins/Daily Mail/Rex USA. Strategic tax-raiser. He never faced a trial for human rights crimes. A petition to put Mrs. Thatcher on the 50 note was started last month by a right-wing British political blog, Guido Fawkes, seemingly in part as a parody of a much-attacked but eventually successful feminist campaign for Jane Austen to appear on the 10 note. The story of soft ice cream in Britain, Tillyer writes, started in the United States.. The idea caught on. But Mrs. Thatcher is not the only female scientist nominated. Read about our approach to external linking. VAT, or value added tax, jumped from 8% to 15%. In 1981, 28% was owned by UK individuals. According to a 1983 article in the New Scientist, Thatcher originally trained as a chemist andworked on a research team for food manufacturer J. Lyons & Co., looking for ways to stabilize a cheaper, airier ice cream. The ice cream innovator, who also left behind a . Yes. KnowledgeNuts.com would like to show you notifications for our latest post and updates. 1946565D. The balance of power in industrial relations had shifted forever. The press and Labour politicians were brutal to Thatcher, painting her as a cold-hearted miser stealing milk from children, according to Margaret Thatcher: Power and Personality. The Washington Post, in the wake of her death last week, claimed she "helped invent ice-cream as we know it", adding that her efforts as part of the Lyons team to create a cheap, airy ice-cream were "one aspect of Margaret Thatcher's legacy we can all feel unequivocally good about". Perhaps the oddest claim about the legacy of former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, who died on Monday at the age of eighty-seven, is, in the words of the Washington Post, that she " helped. A Spanish judge ordered his arrest for human rights violations and the British government placed him under house arrest. (Chris Ware/Getty Images). From 1989 to 2010, the highest rate of income tax remained at 40 per cent and this was not a live political issue. So the next time you order a cone of soft serve, feel free to imagine Margaret Thatcher's face staring out at you from the sweet, milky swirls, and maybe, if there isn't anyone else around, say a brief "thank you" before biting in. By Kevin Peachey, personal finance reporter, BBC News. Two years later, the couple welcomed twins Mark and Carol. Consumer borrowing tripled during the 1980s. Margaret Thatcher was the Iron Lady who ran Britain from 1979 to 1990, a period in which she defined a generation. When Thatcher died in 2013, there was an odd idea tossed out almost nonchalantly at her funeral. Peps and Tessas later morphed into individual savings accounts, or Isas, in which Britons have 390bn salted away. Big Bang helped facilitate privatisation, demystifying the share-buying process that many ordinary people had found a stumbling block, thus allowing people to simply walk into their banks and order a parcel of shares. It was the most brutal twist in the conflict which defined the Tory Prime Minister's reign and ultimately led to her fall from power. The so-called "Big Bang", introduced on 27 October 1986, made it far simpler to trade shares on the London Stock Exchange. The United Kingdom's first female prime minister was one of the most influential and divisive leaders of the 20th century. Margaret Thatcher, then known as chemist Margaret Roberts helped turn ice cream into a cheaper dessert by adding air. But, sadly, they backfired. The Messed Up Truth About Margaret Thatcher - Grunge.com Sir Andrew Huxley, the president of the Royal Society, told the New Scientistat the time that Thatchers interest in chemistry has continued since she left the field. A MediaComms.IO company. So what the heck, Britain? With the election of a Conservative government in 1979, Thatcher became the first female prime minister of the UK Privatization. The only prime ministers to be pictured so far on Bank of England bills are the first Duke of Wellington, more famous for defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo, who appeared on the 20 until 1991; and Winston Churchill, who has appeared on the 5 since 2016. 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McCullough or Tom Carvel deserves credit as the first soft-serve maker. How Are Groceries, Candy, and Soda Taxed in Your State? - Tax Foundation Butterscotch Blondie Ice Cream. And, of course, mortgages were easier to get. Mr-Whippy-style soft-serve ice-cream originated in the US about a decade before Thatcher worked at J Lyons, it reports. Among those who thought Mrs. Thatcher was making a dreadful mistake was the American economist Arthur Laffer. In public hearings, Labour PMs called Thatcher the most mean and vicious member of a thoroughly discredited government and a reactionary cavewoman. The Sun asked in a headline, Is Mrs. Thatcher Even Human? Thatcher, Thatcher, milk snatcher was one of the kinder taunts to come from the streets and pubs. the central banks initial list of some 800 names, thorniest legacies of Britains withdrawal from the bloc, is being stymied by his ousted predecessors, some of the worlds first business computers, the address given at her funeral in 2013 by the then bishop of London. Private Company. Which, as you might imagine, is where the Iron Lady comes in. One year later, Thatcher appeared on the BBC news show Nationwide for an election special. The Right to Buy Scheme for council houses was one of Margaret Thatcher's most popular policies. On the tax front, the basic rate was cut by 3p to 30p in the pound, while the highest rate came down from 83p to 60p. It's not a day when you lounge around doing nothing; it's a day you've had everything to do and you've done it." Margaret Thatcher tags: accomplishment , achievement , challenge 462 likes Like Mr. Lee, Wikimedia Commons // CC BY-SA 3.0 Margaret Roberts studied chemistry at Oxford University from 1943 to 1947. The number of people who bought their council house from their local authorities rose to 200,000 by 1982, and again peaked at 180,000 in 1989, her last full year as prime minister. Margaret Thatcher helped invent ice cream as we know it Our journalists strive for accuracy but on occasion we make mistakes. ("I just didn't like staying in the laboratory that long," she once explained. With the death of Margaret Thatcher came a bizarre claim that she was responsible for the development of one of our favorite summer treats: soft-serve ice cream. The company invented machines popularized in Mr. Whippy ice cream trucks, but theres no evidence Thatcher worked on that project. Heres one aspect of Margaret Thatchers legacy we can all feel unequivocally good about: The Iron Lady, better known for her bruising political style and free-market views, helped invent soft-serve ice cream as a chemist in the late 1940s. It was enshrined in the Housing Act of 1980, making it one of her first major pieces of legislation after she came to office in 1979. Fascinating Facts About Margaret Thatcher | Mental Floss The New Yorker may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. 1925-1947: Grantham & Oxford Margaret Thatcher at a friend's house, summer 1935. Producers solicited Britons to ask Thatcher questions live via a live video feed. Over the pond in America soft-serve ice cream had been on sale since the 1930's. This article was published more than9 years ago. Thatcher repeated, When it was sunk, it was a danger to our ships, but Gould would not back down, noting several times that it was not in an exclusion zone the British had deemed unsafe for ships. In her autobiography, The Path to Power, she reflected that she had made a miscalculation: I learned a valuable lesson. In politics, if you want anything said, ask a man; if you want anything done, ask a woman. . I had incurred the maximum of political odium for the minimum of political benefit., After the Labour party retook power in 1974, Thatcher was elected leader of the Conservative Party. Thatcher's task in that role? Her real accomplishment was developing an emulsifier that let manufacturers whip more air into the soft-serve formula, paving the profitable way for everyone from small soft-serve vendors on up to Britain's fleet of Mr. Whippy soft-serve trucks. As for rankings by historians and academics, Thatcher ranked fourth most successful among the 20 prime ministers of the century in a 2004 survey conducted by the University of Leeds and she came in second in 2010 survey of experts of only post-war prime ministers. Although she allowed free milk deliveries for malnourished schoolchildren who were prescribed it, Thatcher did not budge from her position. The Nazi army had occupied the country, stripping Jews of their rights, shuttering their businesses, and burning down synagogues. Privatisation was key to the Thatcher government's economic policy. Margaret Roberts studied chemistry at Oxford University from 1943 to 1947. For other inquiries Contact Us. (A similar patriotic impulse may lie behind the widespread notion that Thomas Jefferson introduced vanilla ice cream to America.) But in order to pay for the revenue loss, she raised the Value Added Tax -- the UK's equivalent to the sales tax, according to a 1990 report from a resident scholar at The Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank. Subscribe to Iconic: http://bit.ly/zVEuIYMargaret Thatcher at the conservative party conference giving a speech on taxes. The frozen-dessert origin myth goes like this: shortly after graduating from Oxford in 1947 with a degree in chemistry, Margaret Roberts, the future Mrs. Thatcher, worked briefly at the food conglomerate J. Lyons & Company, where she helped devise a method for whipping extra air into ice cream that laid the foundation for modern soft-serve. The poll tax was supposed to make local council finance more accountable but instead it brought about civil disobedience and riots not seen in this country for years. Appropriately enough, even her accomplishments in the field of chemistry proved controversial. Margaret Thatcher speaking on taxation - YouTube A closer look into the work Thatcher did at J. Lyons shows that most of what she researched was in the fields of soap-making and in documenting the quality of pie and cake fillings. The top rate of income tax | British Politics and Policy at LSE John Major, her successor as leader of the conservative party, quickly announced that he would abolish the poll tax. Before Big Bang, share dealing was done through a stockbroker, who advised clients on dealings. National Archives: Thatcher's poll tax miscalculation - BBC News We pay for your stories and videos! LONDON The Bank of England has decided to honor a scientist with its next bank note design. Ad Choices, Margaret Thatcher was Britain's first female prime minister and, almost as important, helped invent soft-serve ice cream, I Am Begging More Restaurants to Serve Big Hunks of Cheese as the Main Course, These CheesyGreenPea Fritters Are Delightfully Cheap, Eleven Madison Park Launches a Soup Box for the Low, Low Price of $117. Margaret Thatcher was born Margaret Hilda Roberts on October 13, 1925, to Albert and Beatrice Roberts of Grantham, Lincolnshire, England. With the death of Margaret Thatcher came a bizarre claim that she was responsible for the development of one of our favorite summer treats: soft-serve ice cream. Just as a Margaret Thatcher museum is about to open (at a cost of 15 million), we look into the rumour that the former Prime Minsister was somehow involved in the making of ice-cream as we know it. As a result, it hoped that the large subsidies granted to industry over the decades would be eventually phased out, allowing for further tax cuts and controlling borrowing. Her first job was at BX Plastics in Essex. On average, during her premiership, 40 percent of the public was satisfied with her job performance while 54 percent were dissatisfied. The warning signs were there. These were causes hard to accomplish and heavy with risk.. Sam Dean, blogging for Bon Apptit about the Thatcher-soft-serve connection, suggests that this early soft-serve was more like proto-soft-serve, since it wasnt the fluffy, creamy stuff youd expect to get from a Mr. Softee today. This raises an intriguing ontological questionif ice cream is soft, and looks like soft-serve, is it, in fact, soft-serve?but also raises further red flags about Thatchers bona fides, condemning her, at best, to be a lesser figure in the sort of Talmudic quarrels that have characterized disputes about the origins of the hamburger and other iconic foods. So, partly thanks to Thatcher, your ice cream is now less dense and arguably less delicious. Here, BBC reporters look at some of the changes that, for better or worse, have changed our finances forever. British Telecom, British Airways, British Steel, as well as water and electricity firms were among those privatised later. The most visible reform was that traders no longer stalked the floor of the Exchange, animatedly dealing with each other face-to-face. When most people think of Margaret Thatcher, they dont usually think of hot summer afternoons, endless sun, and the excitement of ice cream. Yes. Despite the brevity of her career, Britains premier scientific organization honored her with a fellowship in 1983, a controversial move that reportedly irked some British scientists. Denis encouraged Margaret to switch careers -- from chemistry to the field that would prove her real, if not her first, love: the law. By Simon Gompertz, personal finance correspondent, BBC News. Here's one aspect of Margaret Thatcher's legacy we can all feel unequivocally good about: The Iron Lady, better known for her " bruising political style and free-market views ," helped invent. Here is where they went:Farrell's Ice Cream Parlor215 South Brea Boule. Thatcher has done well in rankings of prime ministers. ). Okay. The Iron Lady of Soft Serve. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. In terms of distinction, I think she very much deserves it, he said. Margaret Thatcher helped invent soft-serve ice cream, after earning a chemistry degree at Oxford: Tasked with whipping more air into ice cream, she produced a type of 'soft-scoop'. The only British prime minister in the 20th century to win three consecutive terms and . Do you have a story or video for The Scottish Sun? Thatcher was a food research scientist at J Lyons but, as a Royal Society article noted in May 2011, the details of her work there are sketchy. Price competition was not allowed, fixed commissions were the norm. All rights reserved. Thatcher sent British troops and warships, leading to the 10-week Falkland Islands War. Margaret Thatcher, British Prime Minister 1979-1990 - ThoughtCo However, he felt compelled to help and took the letter to the local Rotary Club. Eleven of the states that exempt groceries from their sales tax base include both candy and soda in their definition of groceries: Arizona, Georgia, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, South Carolina, Vermont, and Wyoming. Ruby Design Company. To help figure out a way to whip extra air into ice cream using emulsifiers -- so that the ice creamcould be manufactured with fewer ingredients, thereby reducing production costs. When Labour came to power in 1997, it reduced the value of such discounts in areas where councils were running short of housing stock. In the U.S., companies like Carvel and Dairy Queen had been selling soft-serve ice cream since the '30s, but it wasn't the fluffy, creamy stuff you'd expect to get from a Mr. Softee today--the original soft-serve was likely denser, since both Dairy Queen and Carvel claim that their inspiration came when they found that customers preferred ice cream that hadn't yet frozen totally solid. Here's one sweet spot in The Iron Lady's history: She helped create soft-serve ice cream. Foxiz News Network. The recession of the early 1980s created the environment that allowed the Conservatives to drive forward the idea of moving nationalised industries into private ownership. . Margaret Thatcher tags: appearances , power 774 likes Like "Look at a day when you are supremely satisfied at the end. Customer must pay applicable taxes. Diana Gould, who taught primary school in Cirencester, grilled Thatcher about the sinking of the Belgrano. After a stint as a research chemist for a plastics company, Thatcher worked as a food scientist at J. Lyons and Co. where she was part of a team that found a method to increase the amount of air. Some people remember former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher as the quick-witted "Iron Lady" who resolutely lead the UK through the end of the Cold War. Xi Jinping's power grab - and why it matters, Street fighting in Bakhmut but Russia not in control, Russian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims. Her older sister, Muriel, amassed pen pals. But some believe that other changes, such as those that made mortgages and credit much easier to get, sowed the seeds of future crises that still affect many to this day. Whatever she did, it wouldnt be very important because it was a junior job, Mr. Moore said, adding that she had already decided she would become a politician. Featured image via Wikipedia "The harm she has done to the universities more than outweighs government funding of the research councils and her general friendliness to science," one anonymous critic told the magazine. Learn More. Not be confused with the antiquated American voter suppression tactic of charging a tax to vote, the tax was a single payment made by each adult in a jurisdiction to pay for local government services. But her greatest achievement, her most lasting contribution to the great adventure that we call civilization, the work for which she will be remembered even when future space-dwelling humans have forgotten what "England" ever was, had to do with food: yes,Margaret Thatcher helped invent soft-serve ice cream. Before politics, Margaret Thatcher helped revolutionize soft-serve ice Margaret Thatcher Quotes (Author of The Downing Street Years) - Goodreads Membership fell from over 12 million in 1980 - today there are fewer than 6 million members of Trades Union Congress-affiliated unions. The Sun website is regulated by the Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO). At the former presidents request, she gave a eulogy at Reagans state funeral via a prerecorded video. Supposedly, it was only after her work on the research team that they succeeded in creating a reliable method to make soft-serve ice cream. In the end the miners went back to work. By Rebecca Marston, business reporter, BBC News. The promotions and publicity got out of hand. The Bank of England did not control the expansion of credit and there are those who see the roots of the current financial crisis in the credit boom of the Thatcher years. Yet, figures from the Office for National Statistics show that the percentage of the UK stock market owned by UK individuals was higher in the 1960s and 1970s in terms of value, than the 1980s. According to Margaret Thatcher: Power and Personality by Jonathan Aitken, Mhlbauer generated gossip among the prim and proper denizens of Grantham. 2023 BBC. Mr. Moore, the biographer, said the time was not yet ripe for Mrs. Thatcher to appear on a bank note. The King family in Milton Keynes receive the deeds to their council house in 1979, Holiday money in the 1970s was strictly controlled, BT privatisation day at the London Stock Exchange was a big event, The advert for the sale of British Gas shares became one of the most celebrated campaigns, Traders on the London Stock Exchange were a close-knit bunch, Credit and savings: Seeds of future crises, Russian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims. Essential reporting and analysis from correspondents around the world. Nominations for a replacement are open until Dec. 14, but on Monday the bank published the suggestions that had met its basic criteria so far. The miners' strike of 1984-85 came to symbolise the government's battle with the unions. The Right to Buy Scheme was extended in the March 2013 Budget, as the government vowed to increase sales once again. The Truth About Margaret Thatcher And Mr. Whippy - News Punch The future prime minister, then Margaret Roberts, receiveda degree in chemistry from Oxfordin 1947. Big Bang saw many of the City's historic names disappear in a frenzy of takeovers as banks jostled to buy jobbers and stockbrokers in order to become one-stop shops. Although they never met when either was in power, Thatcher was enraged at the Labour Party governments arrest of Pinochet, who had been seen as an ally against the spread of communism in Latin America and who provided intelligence to Thatchers war room during the Falklands War. This was half the Argentinean casualties in the war. Before Mrs Thatcher arrived at No 10, British passports contained a special page to record the amount of cash travellers took out of the country. The idea of European unity is a grand concept, she told Les Grandes Conferences Catholiques. Margaret Thatcher, Ice Cream Pioneer, Is Nominated as Face of 50 Note Lyons certainly worked on this new product, but there is no firm evidence that Thatcher directly assisted in its invention.". As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Charles Moore, her authorized biographer, is skeptical. Bishop of London's claim during funeral address, like everything else about former PM, is subject of controversy, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, Margaret Thatcher's involvement in Mr Whippy ice-cream's invention is a 'frozen-dessert origin myth', says the New Yorker. Margaret Thatcher, Baroness of Ice Cream - Esquire Members agreed to pay for her passage and rotate hosting duties. They suggest that it was started by the British left, who could think of no metaphor more appropriate than soft-serve ice cream to point out all that they thought was wrong with Thatchers politics. While Thatcher's exact contribution to the effort remains, in a way that would foreshadow her future political career, Despite her work in the field, though, Thatcher didn't love chemistry. According to the Bishop of London, Thatcher was partially responsible for the creation of one of the favorite summertime treats of children everywhere: soft-serve ice cream. And it was six years after that, in 1959, that Thatcher was first elected to Parliamentafter 10 years of losses and jockeying for candidacies within the Conservative Party. The bank plans to introduce a new 50-pound note the largest and rarest of its regular denominations, worth about $64 in 2020, as part of a program replacing paper bills with sturdier polymer versions. He also may have enriched himself via tax evasion, arms deals, and embezzlement. (BBC via YouTube), (And so that, additionally, the dairy-y result. ) More importantly, Mrs. Thatcher paid for her 1979 tax cut by nearly doubling the value-added tax to 15 percent, from 8 percent. ; she appeared 10 times between 1966 and 1970, and seemed to make a sport out of cutting off long-winded male guests. Do Not Sell/Share My Personal Information. The Chancellor, Geoffrey Howe, raised travel allowances to 1,000 per trip and permitted overseas property purchases of up to 100,000. She was the first female British prime minister and the longest-serving British prime minister of the . Bon Apptit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. It also encouraged the idea of members of the public owning shares in big former monopolies. The Conservative government set about a series of changes to employment and trade union laws, which ended mass picketing, secondary action and the closed shop, where staff had to join a union to get a job.